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The following references were used for this website and may be useful to the reader for additional
background on the topics discussed.
1. J.H. Neher, M.H. McGrath, J.H. Neher, M.H. McGrath, "The Calculation of the Temperature
Rise and Load Capability of Cable Systems", Paper 57-660, AIEE Insulated Conductors
Committee, June 1957.
2. J.H. Neher, "The Transient Temperature Rise of Buried Cable Systems", Paper 63-917,
IEEE Insulated Conductors Committee, June 1963.
3. IEC-287, "Calculation of the Continuous Current Rating of Cables (100% Load Factor)",
International Electrotechnical Commission, 1982.
4. IEC-853-2, "Calculation of the Cyclic and Emergency Current Rating of Cables",
International Electrotechnical Commission, 1st Ed., 1989.
5. M.A. El-Kady, D.J. Horrocks, "Extended Values of Geometric Factor of External Thermal
Resistance of Cables in Duct Banks", IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,
Vol. PAS-104, 1995.
6. G.J. Anders, Rating of Electric Power Cables, IEEE Press/McGraw Hill, 1997.
7. J.A. Williams, T.R. Grave, E. Kallaur, "Uprating of High Pressure Gas-Filled Feeders by
Fluid Filling and Rapid Circulation", IEEE Conference, Anaheim, CA, September 15-19,
1986.
8. J.A. Williams, E.C. Bascom III, B. Horgan, T. Aabo, "Field Test Program and Results to
Verify HPFF Cable Rating", IEEE Transactions, 1991.
9. "The Calculation of Continuous Rating for Forced-Cooled High-Pressure Oil-Filled Pipe-
Type Cables", Working Group 21.08, Study Committee 21, Electra, No. 113, pp. 97-120.
10. "The Calculation of Continuous Ratings of Forced-Cooled Cable", Working Group 21.08,
Study Committee 21, Electra No. 66, pp. 59-84, October 1979.
11. J.P. Holman, Heat Transfer, 8th Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1997.
12. K. Iizuka, Power Cable Technology Hand Book, DenkiShoin, Tokyo, 1974, pp. 80.
13. Transmission Cable Life Evaluation and Management, EPRI, September 1998. TR-111712.
14. Underground Transmission Systems Reference Book, EPRI, 1992. TR-101670.
15. E.C. Bascom, III, J.A. Williams, Ampacity Evaluation and Distributed Fiber Optic
Testing on Pipe-Type Cables Under Bridgeport Harbor, EPRI, December 2002.
Publication 1007534.
16. E.C. Bascom, III, J.H. Cooper, Condition and Power Transfer Assessment of
CenterPoint Energy's Polk-Garrott Pipe-Type Cable Circuit, EPRI, December 2002.
Publication 1007539.
17. J.A. Williams, Application of Fiber-Optic Temperature Monitoring to Solid Dielectric Cable,
EPRI, November 2000. Publication 1000469.
18. J.A. Williams, J.H. Cooper, Distributed Fiber Optic Temperature Monitoring and Ampacity
Analysis for XLPE Transmission Cables, EPRI, June 1998. TR-110630.
19. E.C. Bascom, III, J.A. Williams, M.A. Pasha, S.M. Rahman, W. Zenger, "Ampacity
Evaluation of High-Pressure Gas-Filled (HPGF) Pipe-Type Cables Under Bridgeport
Harbor", Transactions of IEEE PES Transmission & Distribution Conference, Paper
03TD0093, Dallas, Texas, 7-12 September 2003.
20. E.C. Bascom, III, "Underground Cable Uprating and Upgrading Tutorial", Transactions
of IEEE PES Transmission & Distribution Conference, Paper 03TD0362 (Panel Session),
Dallas, Texas, 7-12 September 2003.
21. W.D. Stevenson, Jr., Elements of Power System Analysis, 4th Ed., McGraw-Hill,
New York, 1982.
22. D.W. Purnhagen, Designer's Handbook for Forced-Cooled High-Pressure Oil-Filled
Pipe-Type Cable Systems, EPRI, EL-3624, Project 7801-5, July 1984.
23. Volume 1: Calculating AC/DC resistance Ratios for High-Pressure Oil-Filled Cable Designs
- Designer's Guide, EPRI, EL-3977, 1985.
24. Voume 2: Calculating AC/DC resistance Ratios for High-Pressure Oil-Filled Cable Designs
- Details of Mathematical Derivations, EPRI, EPRI EL-3977, 1985.
25. D. Parmar, J. Steinmanis, "Underground Cables Need a Proper Burial", Transmission &
Distribution World, April 2003, pp. 44-51.
26. E.C. Bascom, III, J.A. Williams, "Taking Your Cable's Temperature", Transactions of the
T&D World Expo, 7-9 May 2002, Indianapolis, Indiana.
27. Transmission Cable Life Evaluation and Management, EPRI, September 1998. TR-111712.
28. "The Calculation of Continuous Rating for Forced-Cooled High-Pressure Oil-Filled Pipe-
Type Cables", Working Group 21.08, Study Committee 21, Electra, No. 113, pp. 97-120.
29. "The Calculation of Continuous Ratings of Forced-Cooled Cable", Working Group 21.08,
Study Committee 21, Electra No. 66, pp. 59-84, October 1979.
30. Thermal Properties Manual for Underground Power Transmission, EPRI, November 1997.
TR-108919.
31. "IEEE Guide for Application of Sheath-Bonding Methods for Single- Conductor Cables
and the Calculation of Induced Voltages and Currents in Cable Sheaths", 575-1988.
32. E.C. Bascom, III, D.A. Douglass, G.C. Thomann, T. Aabo, "Hybrid Transmission:
Aggressive Use of Underground Cable Sections with Overhead Lines", CIGRE 1996,
21/22-10.
33. Increased Power Flow Guidebook – Overhead Transmission Lines, EPRI,
December 2002. 1001817.
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